Goldstein's+Book

A book written by the supposed complete enemy of Ingsoc, Emmanuel Goldstein. Entitled "The Theory and Practice of Oligarchical Collectivism", it explains how the three super states came into being and how they remain locked in a perpetual state war. Only two chapters are shown in __1984__: "Chapter I - Ignorance is Strength" and "Chapter III - War is Peace".

Chapter I - Ignorance is Strength
This chapter first explains specifically the aims of the High, the Middle, and the Low. These are shown to be the three main social classes of society. There exists a cycle in which the High and Middle occasionally switch places while always keeping the Low subjugated, enslaved. It says that the the ability to make all of humanity coexist in nearly complete equality was made possible by the beginning of the twentieth century due to the rise of machine production. It then goes on to explain that despite this ability, nearly all of the political doctrines that arose during that time tried to bring about an overall reduction in freedom and equality. With a much greater historical sense, the Middle during this time was able to recognize the cyclical nature of the social classes and make plans to freeze the "pendulum" after one more swing, a swing that would see themselves replace the High. The printing press, the radio, and especially the television would make this possible, as the new ruling class could severely limit the information that would reach the masses. Big Brother was also "created" for this purpose, to serve as a focus for love and adoration, to make the people forget that they could also aspire to power. No large or at all powerful Middle is allowed to grow, indeed most of the populace resides in the Low, as proles. About 15% of the population is an Inner or Outer Party member. They are so fanatical and so brainwashed into their belief of Ingsoc that a revolt, or a slow loss of interest in ruling is completely impossible. All three of the super states are also too powerful to be conquered by an outside force (this is further explained in Chapter III). For these four reasons, Goldstein writes that the Party's structure and the society it has created are immortal, that the human race has reached a balance of power that can never again become unbalanced.